ALTERA function fails after execution at C program

[서박사]

Hello,

I'm using DE1-SoC with lubuntu 16.04.

I'm trying to make a C program to access the HPS resources such as LED, GPIO, etc.

"""

I was using the kernel from Terasic, and the C program with altera functions (e.g. alt_write_word) to access the HPS resources could be successfully executed.

However, from someday, the kernel was corrupted by an unknown reason and the kernel from Terasic was also not working. (The U-boot failed after "Starting Kernel...")

So I replaced zImage file from Terasic resource to ghrd provided by releases.rocketboards.org and I could boot the FPGA successfully.
(rbf file was not replaced)

"""

However, the terminal through the serial communication freezes after executing C program with altera functions.

That is, the terminal does not show any further logs and does not respond to any commands such as CTRL-C when I run the program with altera functions.

I've checked that the program without altera functions (such as, Hello World!) can be successfully executed.

Although the terminal freezes, I can still see the RXD LED blinking if I type the keyboard (i.e. sending data to FPGA HPS)

Is there any idea to debug this kind of error?

[YoshiakiS_Intel]

Hello 서박사,

Could you please try the following tool to access your LED and GPIO?

https://github.com/pengutronix/memtool

It’s simple physical memory access tool on Linux.

It must executed with sudo or on root user.

Best regards,

 Yoshiaki Saito

[서박사]

Hello Yoshiaki,

Thank you for your prompt response and the suggestion!

I've tried to use memtool from the above link but failed to cross-compile it since my cross-compile environment doesn't have autoconfigure  

So I used another source code from the site below to compile memtool:

https://gist.github.com/mike0/2910170

Unfortunately, the read/write operation from/to certain registers (especially, FPGA-related registers) fail.

TChat is, the terminal does not respond to any commands like case the above.

I tried following commands (1 word = 32 bit):

#1

memtool FF001000 1 (read 1 word from 0xFF001000) 

Reading 0x1 count starting at address 0xFF001000

0xFF001000: 00000000

#2

memtool FF200000 2 (read 2 words from 0xFF200000, while 0xFF200000 means LEDR)

Reading 0x3 count starting at address 0xFF000000

(freezes)

#3

memtool FF200020=16 (write 32bit word 16 to 0xFF200020, while 0xFF200020 means 7-segment displays register)

Writing 32-bit value 0x16 to address 0xFF200020

(freezes)

#4

memtool FFFEC600 3 (read 3 words from 0xFFFEC600, while 0xFFFEC600 means ARM A9 Private Timer)

Reading 0x3 count starting at address 0xFFFEC600

0xFFFEC600: 00234934 00165135 00000005

#5

memtool FFFEC600 3 (read 3 words again from 0xFFFEC600)

Reading 0x3 count starting at address 0xFFFEC600

0xFFFEC600: 00234934 00138EB5 00000005

The addresses of the registers are based on DE1-SoC_Computer_ARM.pdf

From the above result, should I suppose the FPGA hardware malfunction?

+ More logs using memtool

#6

memtool FFD0501C 3 (read 3 words from 0xFFD0501C, while 0xFFD0501C means FPGA Bridge)
Reading 0x3 count starting at address 0xFFD0501C
[ 68.718423] 8<--- cut here ---

[ 68.725699] Unhandled fault: external abort on non-linefetch (0x1018) at 0xb6f0c024
[ 68.733491] pgd = 64d55855
[ 68.736193] [b6f0c024] *pgd=3ffb8831
Bus error (core dumped)

#7

memtool C0000000 1 (read 1 words from 0xC0000000, while 0xC0000000 means SDRAM)

Reading 0x1 count starting at address 0xC0000000

(freezes)

[YoshiakiS_Intel]

Hello  서박사,

Thank you for sharing the logs with us.

First of all, you need to confirm Cyclone V SoC register map below.

Cyclone V HPS Register Address Map and Definitions

https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/programmable/hps/cyclone-v/hps.html#sfo1418687413697.html

In case of #6, FFD0501C and FFD05020 are valid. But FFD05024 is undefined.

If you access undefined area, AXI bus might response SLVERR or DECERR.

The error will cause Bus Error.

In case of the freezes, could you please try these addresses using 'md' command on U-boot?

If you encounter an error, HPS2FPGA and Lightweight HPS2FPGA bridges might be disabled.

Please check brgmodrst register (0xffd0501c).

The bridges should be enabled on U-Boot.

Best regards,

 Yoshiaki Saito

[서박사]

Hello Yoshiaki, 

Thank you again for your suggestion.

I've checked the register at the address 0xffd0501c and at the address FF200000 and got the result as follows:

Booting log

U-Boot 2013.01.01 (Oct 12 2016 - 10:40:34)

CPU : Altera SOCFPGA Platform
BOARD : Altera SOCFPGA Cyclone V Board
I2C: ready
DRAM: 1 GiB
MMC: ALTERA DWMMC: 0
*** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment

In: serial
Out: serial
Err: serial
Skipped ethaddr assignment due to invalid EMAC address in EEPROM
Net: mii0
Warning: failed to set MAC address

Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
SOCFPGA_CYCLONE5 # md.w FFD05020 2
ffd05020: 0000 0000 ....
SOCFPGA_CYCLONE5 # md.w FF200000 1
ff200000:

(freeze)

As far as I know, if the last 3 bit is low (0), the bridges are enabled.

I've also checked that if FPGA itself is not working properly through operating the FPGA in active-serial mode, but I found that the operation of the FPGA is not the issue.

Please let me know if there is any other method to debug this error.

I appreciate your time and effort. Thank you!

[서박사]

For your information,

In addition, md command failure log is different between the following u-boot command:

command

run bridge_enable_handoff;

log

## Starting application at 0x3FF795A4 ...
## Application terminated, rc = 0x0

before the command, md fails as follows:

command

md.b FF200000 1

log

ff200000:data abort

MAYBE you should read doc/README.arm-unaligned-accesses

pc : [<3ff95052>] lr : [<3ff95027>]
sp : 3ff355b0 ip : 0000001c fp : 00000002
r10: ff200000 r9 : ff200000 r8 : 3ff35f60
r7 : 00000000 r6 : 00000001 r5 : 00000001 r4 : 00000001
r3 : ff200000 r2 : c0000000 r1 : 3ff355bc r0 : 00000009
Flags: Nzcv IRQs on FIQs off Mode SVC_32
Resetting CPU ...

resetting ...

U-Boot SPL 2013.01.01 (Oct 12 2016 - 10:38:03)
BOARD : Altera SOCFPGA Cyclone V Board
CLOCK: EOSC1 clock 25000 KHz
CLOCK: EOSC2 clock 25000 KHz

(...reboots automatically)

after the command, md fails as follows:

command

md.b FF200000 1

log

ff200000:

(freezes)

Thank you!

[YoshiakiS_Intel]

Hello 서박사,

Thank you for the update.

The address of Bridge enable register below is 0xffd0501c, not 0xffd05020.

https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/programmable/hps/cyclone-v/hps.html#sfo1410067767967.html

Next, you should use correct access size for I/O register, not memory.

For I/O register, the access size is important. If you use wrong size, a result of the access will be unpredicted.

In case of 0xffd0501c, you should use md.l or md command due to 32bit register, not md.w.

Please check the status by typing “md ffd0501c 1”.

Lastly, is it possible that you can share the .qsys file with us just in case?

Best regards,

 Yoshiaki Saito

[서박사]

Hello Yoshiaki,

Sorry for the wrong logs for accessing the data register.

I've checked the value at the register which corresponds to the HPS-FPGA bridge changes properly while U-Boot, and the logs are as follows:

commands and logs

U-Boot SPL 2013.01.01 (Oct 12 2016 - 10:38:03)
BOARD : Altera SOCFPGA Cyclone V Board
CLOCK: EOSC1 clock 25000 KHz
CLOCK: EOSC2 clock 25000 KHz
CLOCK: F2S_SDR_REF clock 0 KHz
CLOCK: F2S_PER_REF clock 0 KHz
CLOCK: MPU clock 925 MHz
CLOCK: DDR clock 400 MHz
CLOCK: UART clock 100000 KHz
CLOCK: MMC clock 50000 KHz
CLOCK: QSPI clock 3613 KHz
RESET: WARM
INFO : Watchdog enabled
SDRAM: Initializing MMR registers
SDRAM: Calibrating PHY
SEQ.C: Preparing to start memory calibration
SEQ.C: CALIBRATION PASSED
SDRAM: 1024 MiB
ALTERA DWMMC: 0

U-Boot 2013.01.01 (Oct 12 2016 - 10:40:34)

CPU : Altera SOCFPGA Platform
BOARD : Altera SOCFPGA Cyclone V Board
I2C: ready
DRAM: 1 GiB
MMC: ALTERA DWMMC: 0
*** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment

In: serial
Out: serial
Err: serial
Skipped ethaddr assignment due to invalid EMAC address in EEPROM
Net: mii0
Warning: failed to set MAC address

Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
SOCFPGA_CYCLONE5 # fatload mmc 0:1 $fpgadata soc_system.rbf;
reading soc_system.rbf
7007204 bytes read in 358 ms (18.7 MiB/s)
SOCFPGA_CYCLONE5 # fpga load 0 $fpgadata $filesize;
SOCFPGA_CYCLONE5 # md FFD0501C 1
ffd0501c: 00000007 ....
SOCFPGA_CYCLONE5 # run bridge_enable_handoff;
## Starting application at 0x3FF795A4 ...
## Application terminated, rc = 0x0
SOCFPGA_CYCLONE5 # md FFD0501C 1
ffd0501c: 00000000 ....
SOCFPGA_CYCLONE5 # run mmcload;
reading zImage
5676720 bytes read in 286 ms (18.9 MiB/s)
reading socfpga.dtb
31245 bytes read in 8 ms (3.7 MiB/s)
SOCFPGA_CYCLONE5 # run mmcboot;
## Flattened Device Tree blob at 00000100
Booting using the fdt blob at 0x00000100
reserving fdt memory region: addr=0 size=1000
Loading Device Tree to 03ff5000, end 03fffa0c ... OK

Starting kernel ...

In addition, .qsys file is compressed to .7z file and attached this reply, so please find it.

It is based on the project "DE1-SoC_Computer " which is provided by Altera University Program.

The .rbf file is based on the attached .qsys file, .dtb file is based on the Terasic Ubuntu image and zImage is provided by releases.rocketboards.org.

I've tried to use all files from Terasic Ubuntu image, but in this case, I couldn't boot the device.

For your information, .dtb file and zImage file are also attached to this reply.

Thank you for your devotion!!

[YoshiakiS_Intel]

Hello Hi서박사,

Basically, you should build DTB from DTS in same Kernel tree.

So could you please try the latest Linux Ubuntu Desktop(2016-12-28) in new SD-CARD again just in case?

Lastly, Bus size of LED is 32 bit as below. You should use md.l or md command to access the port instead of md.w.

2.3.1 Red LED Parallel Port

https://ftp.intel.com/Public/Pub/fpgaup/pub/Intel_Material/18.1/Computer_Systems/DE1-SoC/DE1-SoC_Computer_NiosII.pdf#page=4

Best regards,

 Yoshiaki Saito

[서박사]

Hello Yoshiaki,

Thank you for the answer.

Using the latest Linux Ubuntu Desktop (v1.0, 2016-12-28) from Terasic resource center, U-boot fails with the following logs.

Booting log:

U-Boot SPL 2013.01.01 (Oct 12 2016 - 10:38:03)
BOARD : Altera SOCFPGA Cyclone V Board
CLOCK: EOSC1 clock 25000 KHz
CLOCK: EOSC2 clock 25000 KHz
CLOCK: F2S_SDR_REF clock 0 KHz
CLOCK: F2S_PER_REF clock 0 KHz
CLOCK: MPU clock 925 MHz
CLOCK: DDR clock 400 MHz
CLOCK: UART clock 100000 KHz
CLOCK: MMC clock 50000 KHz
CLOCK: QSPI clock 3613 KHz
RESET: COLD
INFO : Watchdog enabled
SDRAM: Initializing MMR registers
SDRAM: Calibrating PHY
SEQ.C: Preparing to start memory calibration
SEQ.C: CALIBRATION PASSED
SDRAM: 1024 MiB
ALTERA DWMMC: 0

U-Boot 2013.01.01 (Oct 12 2016 - 10:40:34)

CPU : Altera SOCFPGA Platform
BOARD : Altera SOCFPGA Cyclone V Board
I2C: ready
DRAM: 1 GiB
MMC: ALTERA DWMMC: 0
*** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment

In: serial
Out: serial
Err: serial
Skipped ethaddr assignment due to invalid EMAC address in EEPROM
Net: mii0
Warning: failed to set MAC address

Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
reading u-boot.scr
200 bytes read in 4 ms (48.8 KiB/s)
## Executing script at 02000000
reading soc_system.rbf
7007184 bytes read in 327 ms (20.4 MiB/s)
## Starting application at 0x3FF795A4 ...
## Application terminated, rc = 0x0
reading zImage
5538512 bytes read in 257 ms (20.6 MiB/s)
reading socfpga.dtb
31245 bytes read in 6 ms (5 MiB/s)
## Flattened Device Tree blob at 00000100
Booting using the fdt blob at 0x00000100
reserving fdt memory region: addr=0 size=1000
Loading Device Tree to 03ff5000, end 03fffa0c ... OK

Starting kernel ...

In addition, 32bit read of the register also fails with the logs as follows:

logs:

U-Boot SPL 2013.01.01 (Oct 12 2016 - 10:38:03)
BOARD : Altera SOCFPGA Cyclone V Board
CLOCK: EOSC1 clock 25000 KHz
CLOCK: EOSC2 clock 25000 KHz
CLOCK: F2S_SDR_REF clock 0 KHz
CLOCK: F2S_PER_REF clock 0 KHz
CLOCK: MPU clock 925 MHz
CLOCK: DDR clock 400 MHz
CLOCK: UART clock 100000 KHz
CLOCK: MMC clock 50000 KHz
CLOCK: QSPI clock 3613 KHz
RESET: COLD
INFO : Watchdog enabled
SDRAM: Initializing MMR registers
SDRAM: Calibrating PHY
SEQ.C: Preparing to start memory calibration
SEQ.C: CALIBRATION PASSED
SDRAM: 1024 MiB
ALTERA DWMMC: 0

U-Boot 2013.01.01 (Oct 12 2016 - 10:40:34)

CPU : Altera SOCFPGA Platform
BOARD : Altera SOCFPGA Cyclone V Board
I2C: ready
DRAM: 1 GiB
MMC: ALTERA DWMMC: 0
*** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment

In: serial
Out: serial
Err: serial
Skipped ethaddr assignment due to invalid EMAC address in EEPROM
Net: mii0
Warning: failed to set MAC address

Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
SOCFPGA_CYCLONE5 # fatload mmc 0:1 $fpgadata soc_system.rbf;
reading soc_system.rbf
7007204 bytes read in 361 ms (18.5 MiB/s)
SOCFPGA_CYCLONE5 # fpga load 0 $fpgadata $filesize;
SOCFPGA_CYCLONE5 # run bridge_enable_handoff;
## Starting application at 0x3FF795A4 ...
## Application terminated, rc = 0x0
SOCFPGA_CYCLONE5 # run mmcload;
reading zImage
5676720 bytes read in 286 ms (18.9 MiB/s)
reading socfpga.dtb
31245 bytes read in 8 ms (3.7 MiB/s)
SOCFPGA_CYCLONE5 # md FFD0501C 1
ffd0501c: 00000000 ....
SOCFPGA_CYCLONE5 # md FF200000 1
ff200000:

(freezes)

I really appreciate your time and effort on this thread.

Thank you!

[서박사]

I think I found the error source and fixed it.

The main reason was the malfunction of the clock source at the FPGA.

In the attached .qsys file, almost all FPGA components are based on the output clock of the PLL, which reference clock is provided by PIN_AF14.

However, I found that this clock source is not working.

I revised the system configuration to take a clock source from PIN_K14, not from PIN_AF14.

Thus, everything works well.

The logs are as follows:

root@DE1_SoC:~> ./memtool FFD0501C 1
Reading 0x1 count starting at address 0xFFD0501C

0xFFD0501C: 00000000

root@DE1_SoC:~> ./memtool FF200000 1
Reading 0x1 count starting at address 0xFF200000

0xFF200000: 000003FF (This result is intended)

I'm sorry for making this thread to be too long since I'm not familiar with the embedded system, including FPGA.

And again, I really appreciate your time and effort on this issue.

Thank you!!

[IntelSupport · Accepted solution]

Hello서박사,

I’m glad that your problem has been fixed.

So I will close this thread if no further questions from you.

Best regards,

 Yoshiaki Saito

[IntelSupport]

Hello 서박사,

I now transition this thread to community support. If you have a new question, feel free to open a new thread to get the support from Intel experts. Otherwise, the community users will continue to help you on this thread.

Thank you.