uClinux Boot problem

[Altera_Forum]

Hi, 

 I am testing my own custom board with EP1C12Q240, Flash=16bit*4M, Sdram=32bit*2M. My system has NiosII/f Core, uart, jtag-uart, sdram, flash, epcs_controller, timer and some PIOs. I use U-Boot to boot uClinux of Microtronix 1.4.  When I run bootm command to boot uClinux, there display <div class='quotetop'>QUOTE </div>  --- Quote Start ---  ==> bootm 0x50000 # # Booting image at 00050000 ...    Image Name:   Linux Kernel Image    Image Type:   Nios-II Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)    Data Size:    458311 Bytes = 447.6 kB    Load Address: 00800000    Entry Point:  00800000    Verifying Checksum ... OK    Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK Linux version 2.6.11-uc0 (LiangYi@ciitec-liangyi) (gcc version 3.4.1 (Altera Nios II 5.0 b73))# 1 Thu Feb 23 15:45:58 2006    uClinux/Nios II Altera Nios II support © 2004 Microtronix Datacom Ltd. Built 1 zonelists Kernel command line: root=/dev/mtdblock0 ro PID hash table entries: 64 (order: 6, 1024 bytes) Dentry cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) Inode-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) Memory available: 7016k/8192k RAM, 0k/0k ROM (850k kernel code, 206k data) Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) Linux NoNET1.0 for Linux 2.6 NIOS serial driver version 0.0 ttyS0 (irq = 3) is a builtin NIOS UART io scheduler noop registered io scheduler anticipatory registered io scheduler deadline registered io scheduler cfq registered RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 4096K size 1024 blocksize Microtronix map: Found 1 x16 devices at 0x0 in 16-bit bank  Amd/Fujitsu Extended Query Table at 0x0040 Microtronix map: CFI does not contain boot bank location. Assuming top. number of CFI chips: 1 cfi_cmdset_0002: Disabling erase-suspend-program due to code brokenness. cmdlinepart partition parsing not available RedBoot partition parsing not available Using Microtronix development partition definition Creating 2 MTD partitions on "Microtronix map": 0x00200000-0x00800000 : "romfs" 0x00000000-0x00200000 : "loader/kernel" VFS: Mounted root (romfs filesystem) readonly. Freeing unused kernel memory: 52k freed (0x8f0000 - 0x8fc000) expand: from=/ramfs.img to=/dev/ram0 expand: from=/ramfs.img to=/dev/ram1 SIOCSIFADDR=-1: 9 SIOCGIFFLAGS = -1: Bad file descriptor (9) SIOCADDRT=-1: 9 Unable to create socket close on exec: : Bad file descriptor setsockopt: : Function not implemented Unable to bind server socket: : Function not implemented Unable to listen to socket Unable to create socket close on exec: : Bad file descriptor setsockopt: : Function not implemented Unable to bind server socket: : Function not implemented Unable to listen to socket Unable to create socket close on exec: : Bad file descriptor setsockopt: : Function not implemented Unable to bind server socket: : Function not implemented Unable to listen to socket[/b]  --- Quote End ---   I do not know What is wrong?  I use NiosII-IDE to generate vmlinux.bin and romfs.bin and do <div class='quotetop'>QUOTE </div>  --- Quote Start ---  $ gzip -9 vmlinux.bin $ mkimage -A nios2 -O linux -T kernel -C gzip -a 0x00800000 -e 0x00800000 -n &#39;Linux Kernel Image&#39; -d vmlinux.bin.gz uImage.img $ bin2flash –flash=U5 –location=0x00050000 –input=uImage.img –output=uImage.flash $ nios2-flash-programmer –base=0x00800000 –input=uImage.flash –sof=<path to pgm sof>  $ bin2flash --flash=U5 --location=0x00200000 --input=romfs.bin --output=romfs.flash $ nios2-flash-programmer –base=0x00800000 –input=romfs.flash –sof=<path to pgm sof>[/b]  --- Quote End ---    Then, run bootm and display above. Can someone help me?  BTW, another question. When I use  <div class='quotetop'>QUOTE </div>  --- Quote Start ---  $ mkimage -A nios2 -O linux -T filesystem -C none -a 0x00a00000 -e 0x00a00000 -n &#39;romfs&#39; -d romfs.bin romfs.img $ bin2flash --flash=U5 --location=0x00200000 --input=romfs.img --output=romfs.flash $ nios2-flash-programmer –base=0x00800000 –input=romfs.flash –sof=<path to pgm sof>[/b]  --- Quote End ---    There display  <div class='quotetop'>QUOTE </div>  --- Quote Start ---  uClinux/Nios II Altera Nios II support © 2004 Microtronix Datacom Ltd. Built 1 zonelists Kernel command line: root=/dev/mtdblock0 ro PID hash table entries: 64 (order: 6, 1024 bytes) Dentry cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) Inode-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) Memory available: 7016k/8192k RAM, 0k/0k ROM (850k kernel code, 206k data) Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) Linux NoNET1.0 for Linux 2.6 NIOS serial driver version 0.0 ttyS0 (irq = 3) is a builtin NIOS UART io scheduler noop registered io scheduler anticipatory registered io scheduler deadline registered io scheduler cfq registered RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 4096K size 1024 blocksize Microtronix map: Found 1 x16 devices at 0x0 in 16-bit bank  Amd/Fujitsu Extended Query Table at 0x0040 Microtronix map: CFI does not contain boot bank location. Assuming top. number of CFI chips: 1 cfi_cmdset_0002: Disabling erase-suspend-program due to code brokenness. cmdlinepart partition parsing not available RedBoot partition parsing not available Using Microtronix development partition definition Creating 2 MTD partitions on "Microtronix map": 0x00200000-0x00800000 : "romfs" 0x00000000-0x00200000 : "loader/kernel" Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(31,0)[/b]  --- Quote End ---   I do not know what different between these two method and which is correct for me and how to deal with the problem.  Thank you, LiangYi

[Altera_Forum]

Hi LiangYi, 

 The first error you&#39;re getting  SIOCSIFADDR=-1: 9 SIOCGIFFLAGS = -1: Bad file descriptor (9) SIOCADDRT=-1: 9 Unable to create socket close on exec: : Bad file descriptor setsockopt: : Function not implemented Unable to bind server socket: : Function not implemented Unable to listen to socket Unable to create socket close on exec: : Bad file descriptor setsockopt: : Function not implemented Unable to bind server socket: : Function not implemented Unable to listen to socket Unable to create socket close on exec: : Bad file descriptor setsockopt: : Function not implemented Unable to bind server socket: : Function not implemented Unable to listen to socket Is (probably) due to the fact that you haven&#39;t compiled in an ethernet driver (And from what I read you don&#39;t have one so that&#39;s perfectly OK) but the standard rc file in the ramfs.img tries to configure ethernet (SIOCSIFADDR=-1: 9 SIOCGIFFLAGS = -1: Bad file descriptor (9) SIOCADDRT=-1: 9) and then tries to start the inet deamon and maybe dhcpc (Don&#39;t know exactly, I don&#39;t use the standard rc file anymore). That&#39;s what the socket errors are from.  I expect your system boots fine even though it&#39;s complaining. Make sure to enable your lo device (loopback network). When you "fix" the rc file (/etc/rc) you&#39;re system should run fine &#153;.  Regarding the second error: no idea....  Hope you get it running! Walter Goossens

[Altera_Forum]

Hi LiangYi, 

 <div class='quotetop'>QUOTE </div>  --- Quote Start ---  BTW, another question. When I use <div class='quotetop'>QUOTE   --- Quote End ---    --- Quote Start ---   $ mkimage -a nios2 -o linux -t filesystem -c none -a 0x00a00000 -e 0x00a00000 -n &#39;romfs&#39; -d romfs.bin romfs.img $ bin2flash --flash=U5 --location=0x00200000 --input=romfs.img --output=romfs.flash $ nios2-flash-programmer –base=0x00800000 –input=romfs.flash –sof=<path to pgm sof>[/b]  --- Quote End ---  [/b]  --- Quote End ---   Don&#39;t use mkimage -- it adds an &#39;image&#39; header to your romfs image ... which the kernel knows nothing about. Just use bin2flash and the flash programmer as you normally would. In most cases, mkimage is used only for the kernel itself ... since u-boot for Nios does not support separate kernel/ramdisk image files at this time.  Regards, --Scott

[Altera_Forum]

Hi Walter, 

 Thank you for your reply. I have no ethernet device, but do I need networking support? Otherwise, How can I "fix" the rc file of Microtronix Linux 1.4?  I have re-configured the kernel with networking support but have not select any ethernet device. When I boot kernel, the Unable to listen to socket error disappear, but stop here <div class='quotetop'>QUOTE </div>  --- Quote Start ---  uClinux/Nios II Altera Nios II support © 2004 Microtronix Datacom Ltd. Built 1 zonelists Kernel command line: root=/dev/mtdblock0 ro PID hash table entries: 64 (order: 6, 1024 bytes) Dentry cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) Inode-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) Memory available: 6368k/8192k RAM, 0k/0k ROM (1407k kernel code, 297k data) Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) NET: Registered protocol family 16 NIOS serial driver version 0.0 ttyS0 (irq = 3) is a builtin NIOS UART io scheduler noop registered io scheduler anticipatory registered io scheduler deadline registered io scheduler cfq registered RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 4096K size 1024 blocksize Microtronix map: Found 1 x16 devices at 0x0 in 16-bit bank  Amd/Fujitsu Extended Query Table at 0x0040 Microtronix map: CFI does not contain boot bank location. Assuming top. number of CFI chips: 1 cfi_cmdset_0002: Disabling erase-suspend-program due to code brokenness. cmdlinepart partition parsing not available RedBoot partition parsing not available Using Microtronix development partition definition Creating 2 MTD partitions on "Microtronix map": 0x00200000-0x00800000 : "romfs" 0x00000000-0x00200000 : "loader/kernel" NET: Registered protocol family 2 IP: routing cache hash table of 512 buckets, 4Kbytes TCP established hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) TCP bind hash table entries: 512 (order: -1, 2048 bytes) TCP: Hash tables configured (established 512 bind 512) NET: Registered protocol family 1 NET: Registered protocol family 17 VFS: Mounted root (romfs filesystem) readonly. Freeing unused kernel memory: 60k freed (0x98a000 - 0x998000) expand: from=/ramfs.img to=/dev/ram0 expand: from=/ramfs.img to=/dev/ram1[/b]  --- Quote End ---   Here cursor holdup and can not run anymore. Why?  Thank you, LiangYi

[Altera_Forum]

Hi LiangYi, 

 It seems to have problems in MTD.  It should be easier if you follow my buildroot guide, http://forum.niosforum.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=3174 (http://forum.niosforum.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=3174) It does not need romfs, ramdrive, cfi, or mtd to boot.  tschmelcher had a post about u-boot to be used with it, http://forum.niosforum.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=3253 (http://forum.niosforum.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=3253)

[Altera_Forum]

Hi All, 

 Does nobody help me?  I read the start-up text and find that <div class='quotetop'>QUOTE </div>  --- Quote Start ---  RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 4096K size 1024 blocksize[/b]  --- Quote End ---   Here, I do not know why use RAMDISK driver, I also can not find it during Kernel config. Then, display <div class='quotetop'>QUOTE </div>  --- Quote Start ---  VFS: Mounted root (romfs filesystem) readonly. Freeing unused kernel memory: 64k freed (0x99c000 - 0x9ab000) expand: from=/ramfs.img to=/dev/ram0 expand: from=/ramfs.img to=/dev/ram1[/b]  --- Quote End ---   Here, I know romfs has been mounted. But, ramfs.img can not be expanded. So, the boot process can not continue anymore. I do not know why here can not be expanded.  Can help me?  Thank you, LiangYi

[Altera_Forum]

Hi LiangYi, 

 > Does nobody help me?  I&#39;ll try once more ... <div class='quotetop'>QUOTE </div>  --- Quote Start ---  VFS: Mounted root (romfs filesystem) readonly. Freeing unused kernel memory: 64k freed (0x99c000 - 0x9ab000) expand: from=/ramfs.img to=/dev/ram0 expand: from=/ramfs.img to=/dev/ram1[/b]  --- Quote End ---   > Here, I know romfs has been mounted. But, ramfs.img can not be expanded.  From your earlier post: <div class='quotetop'>QUOTE </div>  --- Quote Start ---  $ mkimage -A nios2 -O linux -T filesystem -C none -a 0x00a00000 -e 0x00a00000 -n &#39;romfs&#39; -d romfs.bin romfs.img[/b]  --- Quote End ---   Are you using mkimage to create your ramfs.img file?  --Scott

[Altera_Forum]

As was suggested by wgoossens, the problem should be in the etc/rc after mounting all fs. 

Try findfile for the etc/rc. Try comment out all that after mounts, eg ifattach, inetd, boa...

[Altera_Forum]

Hi Scott, 

 <div class='quotetop'>QUOTE </div>  --- Quote Start ---  Are you using mkimage to create your ramfs.img file?[/b]  --- Quote End ---   I have tried this before, but display <div class='quotetop'>QUOTE </div>  --- Quote Start ---  Kernel Panic:......[/b]  --- Quote End ---  . So, I now do not use mkimage and directly program the romfs.flash(has been transfered from romfs.bin). Then display above I described.  Hi hippo,  I can not find etc/rc anywhere. Can you tell me where it is in Microtronix Linux directory?  Thany you, LiangYi

[Altera_Forum]

LiangYi, 

Sorry, I don&#39;t use IDE/cygwin. A lot of people have trouble with it, too. Repeat again, add a PC to run Linux. It would save you a lot of time/life.

[Altera_Forum]

Hi hippo, 

Thank you. But now, I want to implement booting uClinux under IDE, then I will try to do it under Linux. I will ask you question later.  I retry booting without U-Boot, just follow Microtronix&#39;s Quick Guide, it is OK.  <div class='quotetop'>QUOTE </div>  --- Quote Start ---  Linux version 2.6.11-uc0 (LiangYi@ciitec-liangyi) (gcc version 3.4.1 (Altera Nios II 5.0 b73))# 4 Tue Mar 7 16:04:58 2006  uClinux/Nios II Altera Nios II support © 2004 Microtronix Datacom Ltd. Built 1 zonelists Kernel command line: root=/dev/mtdblock0 ro PID hash table entries: 64 (order: 6, 1024 bytes) Dentry cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) Inode-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) Memory available: 6552k/8192k RAM, 0k/0k ROM (1259k kernel code, 263k data) Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) NET: Registered protocol family 16 NIOS serial driver version 0.0 ttyS0 (irq = 3) is a builtin NIOS UART Serial: JTAG UART driver $Revision: 1.4 $ ttyJ0 at MMIO 0x82000800 (irq = 1) is a jtag_uart io scheduler noop registered io scheduler anticipatory registered io scheduler deadline registered io scheduler cfq registered RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 4096K size 1024 blocksize Microtronix map: Found 1 x16 devices at 0x0 in 16-bit bank  Amd/Fujitsu Extended Query Table at 0x0040 Microtronix map: CFI does not contain boot bank location. Assuming top. number of CFI chips: 1 cfi_cmdset_0002: Disabling erase-suspend-program due to code brokenness. cmdlinepart partition parsing not available RedBoot partition parsing not available Using Microtronix development partition definition Creating 2 MTD partitions on "Microtronix map": 0x00200000-0x00800000 : "romfs" 0x00000000-0x00200000 : "loader/kernel" NET: Registered protocol family 2 IP: routing cache hash table of 512 buckets, 4Kbytes TCP established hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) TCP bind hash table entries: 512 (order: -1, 2048 bytes) TCP: Hash tables configured (established 512 bind 512) NET: Registered protocol family 1 NET: Registered protocol family 17 VFS: Mounted root (romfs filesystem) readonly. Freeing unused kernel memory: 60k freed (0x960000 - 0x96e000) expand: from=/ramfs.img to=/dev/ram0 expand: from=/ramfs.img to=/dev/ram1  /etc/issue                         www.microtronix.com           June 2005                              welcom to Linux on the Nios II Nios2 login:[/b]  --- Quote End ---   Next, I try with U-Boot. I follow the step Build U-Boot and download to flash 0x0 Use vmlinux.bin -> mkimage(not gzip) -> bin2flash(location=0x50000) -> download Use romfs.bin -> bin2flash(location=0x200000) -> download Run <div class='quotetop'>QUOTE </div>  --- Quote Start ---  ==> bootm 0x50000 # # Booting image at 00050000 ...    Image Name:   Linux Kernel Image    Image Type:   Nios-II Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)    Data Size:    1504864 Bytes =  1.4 MB    Load Address: 00800000    Entry Point:  00800000    Verifying Checksum ... OK OK Linux version 2.6.11-uc0 (LiangYi@ciitec-liangyi) (gcc version 3.4.1 (Altera Nios II 5.0 b73))# 4 Tue Mar 7 16:04:58 2006  uClinux/Nios II Altera Nios II support © 2004 Microtronix Datacom Ltd. Built 1 zonelists Kernel command line: root=/dev/mtdblock0 ro PID hash table entries: 64 (order: 6, 1024 bytes) Dentry cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) Inode-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) Memory available: 6552k/8192k RAM, 0k/0k ROM (1259k kernel code, 263k data) Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) NET: Registered protocol family 16 NIOS serial driver version 0.0 ttyS0 (irq = 3) is a builtin NIOS UART Serial: JTAG UART driver $Revision: 1.4 $ ttyJ0 at MMIO 0x82000800 (irq = 1) is a jtag_uart io scheduler noop registered io scheduler anticipatory registered io scheduler deadline registered io scheduler cfq registered RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 4096K size 1024 blocksize Microtronix map: Found 1 x16 devices at 0x0 in 16-bit bank  Amd/Fujitsu Extended Query Table at 0x0040 Microtronix map: CFI does not contain boot bank location. Assuming top. number of CFI chips: 1 cfi_cmdset_0002: Disabling erase-suspend-program due to code brokenness. cmdlinepart partition parsing not available RedBoot partition parsing not available Using Microtronix development partition definition Creating 2 MTD partitions on "Microtronix map": 0x00200000-0x00800000 : "romfs" 0x00000000-0x00200000 : "loader/kernel" NET: Registered protocol family 2 IP: routing cache hash table of 512 buckets, 4Kbytes TCP established hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) TCP bind hash table entries: 512 (order: -1, 2048 bytes) TCP: Hash tables configured (established 512 bind 512) NET: Registered protocol family 1 NET: Registered protocol family 17 VFS: Mounted root (romfs filesystem) readonly. Freeing unused kernel memory: 60k freed (0x960000 - 0x96e000) expand: from=/ramfs.img to=/dev/ram0 expand: from=/ramfs.img to=/dev/ram1 Cursor wink here, but nothing displays. Then, I type anything from keypad and all can be displayed in the terminal where cursor wink. Why?[/b]  --- Quote End ---   So, I want to ask if U-Boot has some settings involved in Kernel of Filesystem Booting and make this happen.  Thank you, LiangYi

[Altera_Forum]

Why do you want to use u-boot with IDE?