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Hello!
I'm compiling some code in fortran with the -xAVX option (ifort version 12.1.0 20111011), and depending on whether or not the code is standalone or part of a subroutine, the compiler vectorizes differently and I was wondering why.The code is as follows:
[fortran]program example
implicit none
double precision, dimension(4, 180000, 4) :: qold, q, res
double precision, dimension(4, 180000) :: adt
double precision, dimension(4) :: adti, del
integer :: i, j, diff, acc
diff = 180000
do j = 1, diff
adti(:) = 1.0 / adt(:,j) # line 10
do i = 1, 4
del(:) = adti(:) * res(:,j,i) # line 12
q(:,j,i) = qold(:,j,i) - del(:) # line 13
res(:,j,i) = 0.0 # line 14
end do
end do
acc = sum(q)
print *, acc
end program [/fortran]
Using -vec-report it says that the loops were indeed vectorized.Furthermore, looking at the assembly, all the relevant instructions were using the ymm registers.However, if I were to encompass the code within a subroutine which takes qold, q, res, adt and diff as arguments and include it in a module, things go differently;This time -vec-report tells me that only lines 10 and 12 could be vectorized, whereas 13 and 14 the vectorization is "possible but seems inefficient".If I decide to force the vectorization to happen using the !DIR$ SIMD directive before lines 13 and 14, it then tells me that the SIMD loop was vectorized.However, looking at the assembly, instead of using AVX instructions it seems to be using SSE instructions.
- For line 13,
- vsubpd generated_module_mp_update_kernel_caller_$DEL.0.2(%rip), %xmm6, %xmm7
- vsubpd 16+generated_module_mp_update_kernel_caller_$DEL.0.2(%rip), %xmm8, %xmm9
- For line 14,
- vxorpd %xmm0, %xmm0, %xmm0
- vmovupd %xmm0, (%rbx,%r9)
- vmovupd %xmm0, 16(%rbx,%r9)
Because it does two similar instructions for both, with an offset of 16 bytes (128 bits) which is the size of an SSE register, it seems to be doing two SSE vector instructions instead of one AVX instruction.
Does anyone know why this happens and how to change this?
Kind regards,
Alex
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If you are interested in further esoterica, you might try to understand why CEAN notation in icc uses AVX-128 more frequently (if that happens in your cases).
Perhaps needless to say, gnu compilers frequently prefer AVX-128 in order to avoid extra code to deal with misalignment.
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What the compiler does depends on the information available to it, which in turn depends on how the arguments are passed, whether caller and callee are in the same source file, etc. The compiler has to make conservative choices (wrt performance as well as correctness) if it doesn't have full information.
You haven't given us all the details, please could you include the source version with the module subroutine that does not vectorize? That will allow us to figure out whether the compiler could do better, or whether there's a more effective way to write the code. I think it will be more useful than me constructing an example that doesn't match yours.
Regards,
Martyn
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