Software Tuning, Performance Optimization & Platform Monitoring
Discussion regarding monitoring and software tuning methodologies, Performance Monitoring Unit (PMU) of Intel microprocessors, and platform updating.

Wattage and performance

Lou786
New User
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I’m seeking clarification regarding the expected power requirements and stability thresholds for 12th Gen Intel Core i5 laptop processors, specifically the H-series (e.g., i5-12450H / i5-12500H).

I recently purchased a laptop using one of these CPUs, and I’ve been experiencing severe performance instability, including:
• Crashing and freezing under moderate load
• Lag and stuttering during multitasking or gaming
• Inability to maintain stable internet or Discord calls
• Frequent CPU throttling and sub-1.0 GHz clock speeds under load

The manufacturer has configured the CPU to operate at a fixed 20W power limit (PL1/PL2), which they claim is sufficient for “normal use,” although “normal” is not defined and it was advertised for gaming.
However, an independent technician has tested the device and confirmed that these issues are a direct result of power delivery limitations, not software or thermal concerns. When the CPU is allowed to use 35W or more, the instability vanishes or becomes bearable to play.

Given Intel’s own specifications for these processors (which list Base Power around 35W and Turbo Power often exceeding 60W), I would appreciate clarification on the following:
1. Is a fixed 20W PL1/PL2 setting sufficient for stable performance in gaming and multitasking scenarios on 12th Gen i5 H-series CPUs?

2. Does operating such CPU at only 20W angainst Intel’s intended design envelope for normal usage?

3. Could forcing this CPU to run at 20W cause performance below expected thresholds, or instability such as freezing, underclocking, or stuttering?

4. Would this be consider a design deployment outside the processor’s recommended operating parameters?

Thank you in advance for any insight. I’m trying to determine whether this is a power configuration issue or if the CPU itself may be faulty.
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