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Intel AX101 WRDD/DFS issues on Debian 13 Trixie

RicoBelo
Beginner
‎10-22-2025 08:40 AM
57 Views

I have a chinese Mini-PC with an Intel N150 CPU and a soldered Intel AX101 wireless card running Linux Debian 13 (Trixie)

want to use the wireless card as an AP, which is supported by AX101 chip and driver, in 802.11ax mode on the 5GHz band.

As I live in France, I forced cfg80211 module to load WRDD for France with the kernel parameter 

cfg80211.ieee80211_regdom=FR

The global registration is then correctly globally set to FR, but the wireless card is kept unconfigured with no country and no DFS information:

# iw reg get
global
country FR: DFS-ETSI
	(2400 - 2483 @ 40), (N/A, 20), (N/A)
	(5150 - 5250 @ 80), (N/A, 23), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR, AUTO-BW
	(5250 - 5350 @ 80), (N/A, 20), (0 ms), NO-OUTDOOR, DFS, AUTO-BW
	(5470 - 5725 @ 160), (N/A, 26), (0 ms), DFS
	(5725 - 5875 @ 80), (N/A, 13), (N/A)
	(5945 - 6425 @ 320), (N/A, 23), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR
	(57000 - 71000 @ 2160), (N/A, 40), (N/A)

phy#0 (self-managed)
country 00: DFS-UNSET
	(2402 - 2437 @ 40), (6, 22), (N/A), AUTO-BW, NO-HT40MINUS, NO-80MHZ, NO-160MHZ
	(2422 - 2462 @ 40), (6, 22), (N/A), AUTO-BW, NO-80MHZ, NO-160MHZ
	(2447 - 2482 @ 40), (6, 22), (N/A), AUTO-BW, NO-HT40PLUS, NO-80MHZ, NO-160MHZ
	(5170 - 5190 @ 80), (6, 22), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR, AUTO-BW, IR-CONCURRENT, NO-HT40MINUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5190 - 5210 @ 80), (6, 22), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR, AUTO-BW, IR-CONCURRENT, NO-HT40PLUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5210 - 5230 @ 80), (6, 22), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR, AUTO-BW, IR-CONCURRENT, NO-HT40MINUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5230 - 5250 @ 80), (6, 22), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR, AUTO-BW, IR-CONCURRENT, NO-HT40PLUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5250 - 5270 @ 80), (6, 22), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW, NO-HT40MINUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5270 - 5290 @ 80), (6, 22), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW, NO-HT40PLUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5290 - 5310 @ 80), (6, 22), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW, NO-HT40MINUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5310 - 5330 @ 80), (6, 22), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW, NO-HT40PLUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5490 - 5510 @ 80), (6, 22), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW, NO-HT40MINUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5510 - 5530 @ 80), (6, 22), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW, NO-HT40PLUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5530 - 5550 @ 80), (6, 22), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW, NO-HT40MINUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5550 - 5570 @ 80), (6, 22), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW, NO-HT40PLUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5570 - 5590 @ 80), (6, 22), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW, NO-HT40MINUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5590 - 5610 @ 80), (6, 22), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW, NO-HT40PLUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5610 - 5630 @ 80), (6, 22), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW, NO-HT40MINUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5630 - 5650 @ 80), (6, 22), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW, NO-HT40PLUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5650 - 5670 @ 80), (6, 22), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW, NO-HT40MINUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5670 - 5690 @ 80), (6, 22), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW, NO-HT40PLUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5690 - 5710 @ 80), (6, 22), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW, NO-HT40MINUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5710 - 5730 @ 80), (6, 22), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW, NO-HT40PLUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5735 - 5755 @ 80), (6, 22), (N/A), AUTO-BW, IR-CONCURRENT, NO-HT40MINUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5755 - 5775 @ 80), (6, 22), (N/A), AUTO-BW, IR-CONCURRENT, NO-HT40PLUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5775 - 5795 @ 80), (6, 22), (N/A), AUTO-BW, IR-CONCURRENT, NO-HT40MINUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5795 - 5815 @ 80), (6, 22), (N/A), AUTO-BW, IR-CONCURRENT, NO-HT40PLUS, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN
	(5815 - 5835 @ 20), (6, 22), (N/A), AUTO-BW, IR-CONCURRENT, NO-HT40MINUS, NO-HT40PLUS, NO-80MHZ, NO-160MHZ, NO-320MHZ, PASSIVE-SCAN

At least I can see many channels in the 5GHz band available for DFS. So I try a minimalistic hostapd.conf file to start an AP centered on channel 100 with 802.11ax, but it fail : hostapd enumerates all channels in the 5GHz band with "No IR" flag :

nl80211: 2402-2437 @ 40 MHz 22 mBm
nl80211: 2422-2462 @ 40 MHz 22 mBm
nl80211: 2447-2482 @ 40 MHz 22 mBm
nl80211: 5170-5190 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (no outdoor) (no IR)
nl80211: 5190-5210 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (no outdoor) (no IR)
nl80211: 5210-5230 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (no outdoor) (no IR)
nl80211: 5230-5250 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (no outdoor) (no IR)
nl80211: 5250-5270 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (DFS) (no IR)
nl80211: 5270-5290 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (DFS) (no IR)
nl80211: 5290-5310 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (DFS) (no IR)
nl80211: 5310-5330 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (DFS) (no IR)
nl80211: 5490-5510 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (DFS) (no IR)
nl80211: 5510-5530 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (DFS) (no IR)
nl80211: 5530-5550 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (DFS) (no IR)
nl80211: 5550-5570 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (DFS) (no IR)
nl80211: 5570-5590 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (DFS) (no IR)
nl80211: 5590-5610 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (DFS) (no IR)
nl80211: 5610-5630 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (DFS) (no IR)
nl80211: 5630-5650 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (DFS) (no IR)
nl80211: 5650-5670 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (DFS) (no IR)
nl80211: 5670-5690 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (DFS) (no IR)
nl80211: 5690-5710 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (DFS) (no IR)
nl80211: 5710-5730 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (DFS) (no IR)
nl80211: 5735-5755 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (no IR)
nl80211: 5755-5775 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (no IR)
nl80211: 5775-5795 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (no IR)
nl80211: 5795-5815 @ 80 MHz 22 mBm (no IR)
nl80211: 5815-5835 @ 20 MHz 22 mBm (no IR)
nl80211: Added 802.11b mode based on 802.11g information
nl80211: Mode IEEE 802.11g: 2412 2417 2422 2427 2432 2437 2442 2447 2452 2457 2462 2467 2472 2484[DISABLED]
nl80211: Mode IEEE 802.11a: 5180[NO_IR] 5200[NO_IR] 5220[NO_IR] 5240[NO_IR] 5260[NO_IR][RADAR] 5280[NO_IR][RADAR] 5300[NO_IR][RADAR] 5320[NO_IR][RADAR] 5340[DISABLED] 5360[DISABLED] 5380[DISABLED] 5400[DISABLED] 5420[DISABLED]
nl80211: Mode IEEE 802.11b: 2412 2417 2422 2427 2432 2437 2442 2447 2452 2457 2462 2467 2472 2484[DISABLED]
Frequency 5500 (primary) not allowed for AP mode, flags: 0x15b NO-IR RADAR
Primary frequency not allowed
wlo1: IEEE 802.11 Configured channel (100) or frequency (5500) (secondary_channel=0) not found from the channel list of the current mode (2) IEEE 802.11a
wlo1: IEEE 802.11 Hardware does not support configured channel
Could not select hw_mode and channel. (-3)
wlo1: interface state COUNTRY_UPDATE->DISABLED
wlo1: AP-DISABLED

 So I tried to enable DFS and force 80MHz band centering between channel 100 and 106 with a more elaborated hostapd config. Bu once again, hostapd fails to start because it fails to start DFS scan.

I was able to start hostapd in 802.11ax on the 2.4GHz band as there is no DFS gotchas on the band, but at the price of terrific bandwidth of less than 90Mbps.

I join my dmesg, config files, and iw outputs in attachements

So at this point I assume the firmware forbid me to use the card in AP mode on 5Ghz band because of DFS, I don't really understand how and why. So can you help me to fix this ?

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hostapd_minimal_80211ax_24GHz.log
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hostapd_minimal_80211ax_nodfs.log
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hostapd_80211ax_dfs.log
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