Linux fails to boot on DE10-Nano board

[YasuoF]

Hi,

I try to build a Linux file system for my DE10-Nano board,

I used this (Building Bootloader for Cyclone V and Arria 10 | Documentation | RocketBoard) guide.

When I write sdcard_cv.img to the SD card and power it on, it stops at the following line and Linux does not boot.

[    1.578872] Synopsys Designware Multimedia Card Interface Driver

What does this log mean?

And how can I fix the problem?

- My working environment is shown below.

Windows 10

Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS on WSL2

Quartus Prime Version 23.1std.0 Build 991 11/28/2023 SC Standard Edition

- The procedure for creating an sd card image is shown below.

# Create working derectory

cd ~

mkdir de10nano-sample && cd de10nano-sample

# Setup toolchain

wget https://developer.arm.com/-/media/Files/downloads/gnu/11.2-2022.02/binrel/gcc-arm-11.2-2022.02-x86_64-arm-none-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz

tar xf gcc-arm-11.2-2022.02-x86_64-arm-none-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz

rm gcc-arm-11.2-2022.02-x86_64-arm-none-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz

export PATH=`pwd`/gcc-arm-11.2-2022.02-x86_64-arm-none-linux-gnueabihf/bin:$PATH

# Get hardware project (Windows)

Download the DE10-Nano CD-ROM (rev.C Hardware) from here (https://www.terasic.com.tw/cgi-bin/page/archive.pl?Language=English&CategoryNo=167&No=1046&PartNo=4#contents) and unzip the file.

Open Demonstrations/Soc_FPGA/DE10_NANO_SOC_GHRD/DE10_NANO_SoC_GHRD.qpf with Quartus.

Open soc_system.qsys in Platform Designer and generate HDL.

Add soc_system/synthesis/soc_system.qip to the project and Start Compilation.

Copy to a working directory in Ubuntu.

# Get bootloader

cd ~/de10nano-sample

git clone -b socfpga_v2022.04 https://github.com/altera-opensource/u-boot-socfpga

cd u-boot-socfpga/arch/arm/mach-socfpga/cv_bsp_generator

python2 cv_bsp_generator.py \

-i ~/de10nano-sample/DE10_NANO_SoC_GHRD/hps_isw_handoff/soc_system_hps_0 \

-o ~/de10nano-sample/u-boot-socfpga/board/altera/cyclone5-socdk/qts

cd ~/de10nano-sample/u-boot-socfpga

export ARCH=arm

export CROSS_COMPILE=arm-none-linux-gnueabihf-

make socfpga_cyclone5_defconfig

make -j 48

# Get dtb

cd ~/de10nano-sample

git clone https://github.com/altera-opensource/sopc2dts

cd sopc2dts && sudo apt install default-jdk && make

cd ~/de10nano-sample/DE10_NANO_SoC_GHRD

java -jar ~/de10nano-sample/sopc2dts/sopc2dts.jar \

--input soc_system.sopcinfo \

--output soc_system.dtb \

--type dtb \

--board hps_isw_handoff/soc_system_hps_0/hps.xml \

--board hps_isw_handoff/soc_system_hps_0/emif.xml \

--clocks

# Get zImage

cd ~/de10nano-sample

git clone -b socfpga-5.10.50-lts https://github.com/altera-opensource/linux-socfpga.git

cd linux-socfpga

make socfpga_defconfig

make zImage Image modules -j 48

make modules_install INSTALL_MOD_PATH=modules_install

rm -rf modules_install/lib/modules/*/build

rm -rf modules_install/lib/modules/*/source

# Get RootFs

cd ~/de10nano-sample

mkdir rootfs && cd rootfs

git clone -b kirkstone https://git.yoctoproject.org/poky

git clone -b kirkstone https://git.yoctoproject.org/meta-intel-fpga

source poky/oe-init-build-env ./build

echo 'MACHINE = "cyclone5"' >> conf/local.conf

echo 'BBLAYERS += " ${TOPDIR}/../meta-intel-fpga "' >> conf/bblayers.conf

bitbake core-image-minimal

# Get SD card image

cd ~/de10nano-sample

mkdir sd-card

mkdir -p sd-card/sdfs/extlinux

mkdir -p sd-card/rootfs

cp u-boot-socfpga/u-boot-with-spl.sfp sd-card

cp linux-socfpga/arch/arm/boot/zImage sd-card/sdfs

cp DE10_NANO_SoC_GHRD/soc_system.dtb sd-card/sdfs

sudo tar xf rootfs/build/tmp/deploy/images/cyclone5/core-image-minimal-cyclone5.tar.gz -C sd-card/rootfs

sudo rm -rf sd-card/rootfs/lib/modules/*

sudo cp -r linux-socfpga/modules_install/lib/modules/*/* sd-card/rootfs/lib/modules

cd ~/de10nano-sample/sd-card

wget https://releases.rocketboards.org/2021.04/gsrd/tools/make_sdimage_p3.py

chmod +x make_sdimage_p3.py

# Edit make_sdimage_p3.py line 455

# ["-F 32", "-I"] -> ["-F", "32", "-I"]

echo "LABEL Linux Default" > sdfs/extlinux/extlinux.conf

echo "    KERNEL ../zImage" >> sdfs/extlinux/extlinux.conf

echo "    FDT ../soc_system.dtb" >> sdfs/extlinux/extlinux.conf

echo "    APPEND root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait earlyprintk console=ttyS0,115200n8" >> sdfs/extlinux/extlinux.conf

sudo python3 make_sdimage_p3.py -f \

-P u-boot-with-spl.sfp,num=3,format=raw,size=10M,type=A2 \

-P sdfs/*,num=1,format=fat32,size=100M \

-P rootfs/*,num=2,format=ext3,size=300M \

-s 512M \

-n sdcard_cv.img

Thanks & Regards

[YasuoF]

As an addendum to the above description,
If I replace the dtb with socfpga_cyclone5_socdk.dtb in ~/de10nano-sample/linux-socfpga/arch/arm/boot/, LINUX will boot.
Based on the above facts, we believe that there is a mistake in the way the dtb was created.

[aikeu]

Hi YasuoF,

Can share the full boot up logs error for linux?

Would like to see if any particular failure indication from there.

Terasic DE10 is using Cylone V architecture, can check if there is any difference on the device tree configuration used by Cyclone V:

https://github.com/altera-opensource/linux-socfpga/blob/socfpga-6.1.55-lts/arch/arm/boot/dts/socfpga_cyclone5_socdk.dts

Thanks.

Regards,

Aik Eu

[YasuoF]

Hi, @aikeu 

The reason it stopped at that line was due to a bad terminal setting, and the scrolling just stopped in the middle of the line.
I apologize for the inconvenience.

However, Linux still does not boot.

It appears that mmcblk0p2 cannot be opened. How can I resolve this issue?

I'll upload the correct log as bootup-log.txt.

Also, I have compared the dts uploaded to Github with the dts created by the above procedure, but there are too many differences to discern what is causing the problem.

[aikeu]

Hi YasuoF,

I not familiar with the error to be specific and it seems that it has something to do with the rootfs does not match with the kernel.

I am thinking if we can compare and check with some pre-built images first from rocketboards release for cyclone 5:

https://releases.rocketboards.org/2022.11/gsrd/c5_gsrd/

Thanks.

Regards,

Aik Eu

[aikeu]

Hi YasuoF,

May I know any new follow up on the case?

Thanks.

Regards,

Aik Eu

[YasuoF]

Hi @aikeu 

Currently, no progress has been made.
I will report back if any progress is made.
Due to priorities, I can no longer work on this topic for a few months, so you may close this topic.

Thanks & Regards

[aikeu]

Hi YasuoF,

I will close the thread first. Do consider re-open a new thread if there is new follow up.

Thanks.

Regards,

Aik Eu