Linking Error

[kulachi]

!Warning (Newbie here!)

I am using the trial version of Intel Visual Fortran on a 64bit system. Today, I read about mixing C and Fortran code, opened the sample project "c_calls_Fortran" and build it. Nothing went wrong, and the resulting executable file was working nicely (as expected!). I tried it for both versions i.e. DLL and Static LIB. Then I opened another copy of Visual Studio 2005, created a duplicate multi-project for just the Static LIB version, and simply did a copy-paste of the code from the sample project. However, when I tried to build it, (without any modifications to the code) it did not work :(

When I build the Fortran routine, it produces the following error:

1>------ Build started: Project: bingo, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------
1>Compiling with Intel Fortran Compiler 10.1.011 [IA-32]...
1>Source1.F90
1>Linking...
1>libifcoremt.lib(for_main.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _MAIN__ referenced in function _main
1>Debugingo.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 1 unresolved externals
1>
1>Build log written to "file://C:Program Files (x86)IntelCompilerFortran10.1.011samplesMixedLanguageingoingoDebugBuildLog.htm"
1>bingo - 2 error(s), 0 warning(s)
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========

I read about similar errors on this forum and tried many options, but the error would not leave. The strange thing is that the same code works when I open the original project. Save me from banging my head against the keyboard :-)

[kulachi]

I managed to find out one mistake! I have to add the fortran project as a Static Library. I was just adding it as a console application. Now when I build, the fortran project goes ahead nicely. The C part is still adamant. Here is the new error log I am getting:

Note: I changed the file/project(s) names to keep track of my mistakes. If it causes any confusion, just treat this as a new Solution altogether.


1>------ Build started: Project: Lib1, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------
1>Compiling with Intel Fortran Compiler 10.1.011 [IA-32]...
1>Source2.F90
1>Creating library...
1>
1>Build log written to "file://C:Program Files (x86)IntelCompilerFortran10.1.011samplesMixedLanguageBINGOLib1DebugBuildLog.htm"
1>Lib1 - 0 error(s), 0 warning(s)
2>------ Build started: Project: HUHA, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------
2>Compiling...
2>Source3.cpp
2>Note: including file: C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio 8VCincludestdio.h
2>Note: including file: C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio 8VCincludecrtdefs.h
2>Note: including file: C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio 8VCincludesal.h
2>Note: including file: C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio 8VCincludevadefs.h
2>Note: including file: C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio 8VCincludeswprintf.inl
2>Note: including file: C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio 8VCincludestring.h
2>Note: including file: C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio 8VCincludecrtdefs.h
2>c:program files (x86)intelcompilerfortran10.1.011samplesmixedlanguageingohuhasource3.cpp(66) : warning C4996: 'strcpy' was declared deprecated
2> c:program files (x86)microsoft visual studio 8vcincludestring.h(73) : see declaration of 'strcpy'
2> Message: 'This function or variable may be unsafe. Consider using strcpy_s instead. To disable deprecation, use _CRT_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE. See online help for details.'
2>Linking...
2>Source3.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _FSUB referenced in function _main
2>C:Program Files (x86)IntelCompilerFortran10.1.011samplesMixedLanguageBINGODebugHUHA.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 1 unresolved externals
2>Build log was saved at "file://c:Program Files (x86)IntelCompilerFortran10.1.011samplesMixedLanguageBINGOHUHADebugBuildLog.htm"
2>HUHA - 2 error(s), 1 warning(s)
========== Build: 1 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========

You would notice that libifcoremt.lib(for_main.obj) : error LNK2019 is gone, and now we have to face error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _FSUB referenced in function _main

I guess this would be something minor (as in some option to lit or fire) but I am missing it altogether. Help please.

[Steven_L_Intel1]

Three things required.

1. Right click on the C project, select Dependencies. Set the static library project as a dependent of the executable project
2. Install VS2005 SP1. Without that, MSVC will ignore non-MSVC projects as dependencies
3. Tools > Options > Projects > VC++ Directories > Library Files. Add the path to the Intel Fortran LIB folder to this list. Note that the path will change each time you install a new compiler version.

[kulachi]

Many thanks Steve. This is what I did:

1. Downloaded and installed VS2005 SP1,
2. Started a fresh copy of the project (same example code)
3. Added Intel Fortran Lib and appropriate dependency of C project on Fortran Project.

This rather had a good impact. The previous error left, with a vengeance though! Now I am getting the following long list of errors. You would notice that probably I am quoting a reference to some library twice (note the red text and then the underlined text following it):

1>------ Build started: Project: Fproj, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------
1>Compiling with Intel Fortran Compiler 10.1.011 [IA-32]...
1>SUBF.F90
1>Creating library...
1>
1>Build log written to "file://C:Documents and SettingsAdministratorDesktopFORTCprojFprojDebugBuildLog.htm"
1>Fproj - 0 error(s), 0 warning(s)
2>------ Build started: Project: Cproj, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------
2>Compiling...
2>MainC.cpp
2>c:documents and settingsadministratordesktopfortcprojcprojmainc.cpp(66) : warning C4996: 'strcpy': This function or variable may be unsafe. Consider using strcpy_s instead. To disable deprecation, use _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS. See online help for details.
2> c:program files (x86)microsoft visual studio 8vcincludestring.h(74) : see declaration of 'strcpy'
2>Linking...
2>LIBCMTD.lib(dbgheap.obj) : error LNK2005: __CrtSetCheckCount already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR80D.dll)
2>LIBCMTD.lib(crt0dat.obj) : error LNK2005: _exit already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR80D.dll)
2>LIBCMTD.lib(crt0dat.obj) : error LNK2005: __exit already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR80D.dll)
2>LIBCMTD.lib(crt0dat.obj) : error LNK2005: __cexit already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR80D.dll)
2>LIBCMTD.lib(crt0dat.obj) : error LNK2005: __amsg_exit already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR80D.dll)
2>LIBCMTD.lib(crt0dat.obj) : error LNK2005: __initterm_e already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR80D.dll)
2>LIBCMTD.lib(invarg.obj) : error LNK2005: __invoke_watson already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR80D.dll)
2>LIBCMTD.lib(dbghook.obj) : error LNK2005: __crt_debugger_hook already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR80D.dll)
2>LIBCMTD.lib(setlocal.obj) : error LNK2005: __configthreadlocale already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR80D.dll)
2>LIBCMTD.lib(tidtable.obj) : error LNK2005: __encode_pointer already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR80D.dll)
2>LIBCMTD.lib(tidtable.obj) : error LNK2005: __decode_pointer already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR80D.dll)
2>LIBCMTD.lib(winxfltr.obj) : error LNK2005: __XcptFilter already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR80D.dll)
2>LIBCMTD.lib(crt0init.obj) : error LNK2005: ___xi_a already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(cinitexe.obj)
2>LIBCMTD.lib(crt0init.obj) : error LNK2005: ___xi_z already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(cinitexe.obj)
2>LIBCMTD.lib(crt0init.obj) : error LNK2005: ___xc_a already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(cinitexe.obj)
2>LIBCMTD.lib(crt0init.obj) : error LNK2005: ___xc_z already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(cinitexe.obj)
2>LIBCMTD.lib(hooks.obj) : error LNK2005: "void __cdecl terminate(void)" (?terminate@@YAXXZ) already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR80D.dll)
2>LIBCMTD.lib(mlock.obj) : error LNK2005: __lock already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR80D.dll)
2& gt;LIBCMTD.lib(mlock.obj) : error LNK2005: __unlock already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR80D.dll)
2>LIBCMTD.lib(crt0.obj) : error LNK2005: _mainCRTStartup already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(crtexe.obj)
2>LIBCMTD.lib(printf.obj) : error LNK2005: _printf already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR80D.dll)
2>LIBCMTD.lib(errmode.obj) : error LNK2005: ___set_app_type already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR80D.dll)
2>LIBCMTD.lib(dbgrptw.obj) : error LNK2005: __CrtDbgReportW already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR80D.dll)
2>MSVCRTD.lib(ti_inst.obj) : error LNK2005: "private: __thiscall type_info::type_info(class type_info const &)" (??0type_info@@AAE@ABV0@@Z) already defined in LIBCMTD.lib(typinfo.obj)
2>MSVCRTD.lib(ti_inst.obj) : error LNK2005: "private: class type_info & __thiscall type_info::operator=(class type_info const &)" (??4type_info@@AAEAAV0@ABV0@@Z) already defined in LIBCMTD.lib(typinfo.obj)
2>LINK : warning LNK4098: defaultlib 'MSVCRTD' conflicts with use of other libs; use /NODEFAULTLIB:library
2>LINK : warning LNK4098: defaultlib 'LIBCMTD' conflicts with use of other libs; use /NODEFAULTLIB:library
2>C:Documents and SettingsAdministratorDesktopFORTCprojDebugCproj.exe : fatal error LNK1169: one or more multiply defined symbols found
2>Build log was saved at "file://c:Documents and SettingsAdministratorDesktopFORTCprojCprojDebugBuildLog.htm"
2>Cproj - 26 error(s), 3 warning(s)
========== Build: 1 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========

What I tried next was to take away the reference to Intel Fortran Lib (your suggestion No. 3). Now there is only one error left:

1>------ Build started: Project: Fproj, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------
1>Compiling with Intel Fortran Compiler 10.1.011 [IA-32]...
1>SUBF.F90
1>Creating library...
1>
1>Build log written to "file://C:Documents and SettingsAdministratorDesktopFORTCprojFprojDebugBuildLog.htm"
1>Fproj - 0 error(s), 0 warning(s)
2>------ Build started: Project: Cproj, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------
2>Compiling...
2>MainC.cpp
2>c:documents and settingsadministratordesktopfortcprojcprojmainc.cpp(66) : warning C4996: 'strcpy': This function or variable may be unsafe. Consider using strcpy_s instead. To disable deprecation, use _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS. See online help for details.
2> c:program files (x86)microsoft visual studio 8vcincludestring.h(74) : see declaration of 'strcpy'
2>Linking...
2>LINK : fatal error LNK1104: cannot open file 'ifconsol.lib'
2>Build log was saved at "file://c:Documents and SettingsAdministratorDesktopFORTCprojCprojDebugBuildLog.htm"
2>Cproj - 1 error(s), 1 warning(s)
========== Build: 1 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========

I am still working on it. What would you suggest next?

-Kulachi

[Steven_L_Intel1]

You have "Mixed C Library Syndrome". Make sure that the run-time library type selection is the same in your C and Fortran projects. You have Debug Multithread in one and Debug Multithread DLL in the other.

[kulachi]

Well, looks like I have solved it without knowing exactly what I did! This is what I 'did' after my last post:

1. Opened two copies of the MSVC, opened my own project in one and the Intel example in the other.
2. Right clicked on the C project, in both MSVC copies, and compared the settings, line by line.
3. They were both the same except that the Intel example had a few more options in {Configuration Properties .. General .. C/C++ .. Command Line}.
4. So I copy-pasted all of these in my own project, in the same section, in the Edit Box labeled {Additional Options}.

Now when I compiled the solution, it worked. I changed my code a bit and recompiled, and it still worked. I am pasting the compilation dump below:


1>------ Build started: Project: Fproj, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------
1>Compiling with Intel Fortran Compiler 10.1.011 [IA-32]...
1>SUBF.F90
1>Creating library...
1>
1>Build log written to "file://C:Documents and SettingsAdministratorDesktopFORTCprojFprojDebugBuildLog.htm"
1>Fproj - 0 error(s), 0 warning(s)
2>------ Build started: Project: Cproj, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------
2>Compiling...
2>cl : Command line warning D9025 : overriding '/MDd' with '/MTd'
2>MainC.cpp
2>Note: including file: C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio 8VCincludestdio.h
2>Note: including file: C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio 8VCincludecrtdefs.h
2>Note: including file: C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio 8VCincludesal.h
2>Note: including file: C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio 8VCincludevadefs.h
2>Note: including file: C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio 8VCincludeswprintf.inl
2>Note: including file: C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio 8VCincludestring.h
2>Note: including file: C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio 8VCincludecrtdefs.h
2>c:documents and settingsadministratordesktopfortcprojcprojmainc.cpp(66) : warning C4996: 'strcpy': This function or variable may be unsafe. Consider using strcpy_s instead. To disable deprecation, use _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS. See online help for details.
2> c:program files (x86)microsoft visual studio 8vcincludestring.h(74) : see declaration of 'strcpy'
2>Linking...
2>LINK : C:Documents and SettingsAdministratorDesktopFORTCprojDebugCproj.exe not found or not built by the last incremental link; performing full link
2>Embedding manifest...
2>Build log was saved at "file://c:Documents and SettingsAdministratorDesktopFORTCprojCprojDebugBuildLog.htm"
2>Cproj - 0 error(s), 2 warning(s)
========== Build: 2 succeeded, 0 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========

But I still don't know the answer. Would you explain what I was supposed to do to make it work? The error seemed to generate from a double reference to some library. So what did I do that made the obnoxious error surrender?

I am pasting the Command Line Options (that I mentioned above) below, for easy comparison.

FROM: Intel Fortran Example
{Configuration Properties .. General .. C/C++ .. Command Line}:

/Od /D "WIN32" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_CONSOLE" /D "_VC80_UPGRADE=0 x0710" /D "_MBCS" /Gm /EHsc /RTC1 /MTd /Fo"Debug" /Fd"Debugvc80.pdb" /W3 /nologo /c /Wp64 /ZI /TP /errorReport:prompt


FROM: My Duplicate Example (Copy-Paste of Intel Fortran example)

/Od /D "_MBCS" /Gm /EHsc /RTC1 /MDd /Fo"Debug" /Fd"Debugvc80.pdb" /W3 /nologo /c /ZI /TP /showIncludes /errorReport:prompt

Would you highlight any learnings for future reference.

Now I am heading to convert my gigantic MATLAB project into Fortran!

-Kulachi

[kulachi]

Oh, I see! Let me check that out.

[kulachi]

Many thanks Steve! Just one last question. I could not find an option in the Fortran project to change the Runtime Library. For the C project, I found it at {Configuration Properties .. General .. C/C++ .. Code Generation .. Runtime Library}. Here I changed it to Multi-threaded Debug (/Mtd). Would you point out where I can find it in Fortran project properties?

Once again, your help was much appreciated.

-Kulachi

[Steven_L_Intel1]

Fortran > Libraries > Use Runtime Library.