Problem with RESHAPE in reorder array

[nianliuhua]

Hi all,

I'm triing to compile and run a fortran code with reshape function to reorder an array, but i found the values of the corresponding element are not equal  in some cases(h and e in code). Below are the code and results.

program main
    implicit none
    real, pointer :: s(:,:,:)
    real :: d(2,3,4),e(2,4,3),f(3,4,2),g(4,2,3),h(4,3,2)

    allocate(s(3,2,4))
    call random_number(s)
    write(*,*) "s: ", s(3,:,1)
    d = reshape(s,shape(d),order=(/2,1,3/))
    write(*,*) "d: ", d(:,3,1)
    f = reshape(s,shape(f),order=(/1,3,2/))
    write(*,*) "f: ", f(3,1,:)
    g = reshape(s,shape(g),order=(/3,2,1/))
    write(*,*) "g: ", g(1,:,3)
    h = reshape(s,shape(h),order=(/3,1,2/))
    write(*,*) "h: ", h(1,3,:)
    e = reshape(s,shape(e),order=(/2,3,1/))
    write(*,*) "e: ", e(:,1,3)
end

results:

 s:   0.3525161      0.8382882
 d:   0.3525161      0.8382882
 f:   0.3525161      0.8382882
 g:   0.3525161      0.8382882
 h:   0.3001758      4.9717721E-02
 e:   0.7958636      4.0313378E-02

Thanks in advance,

best regards

[Steve_Lionel]

I reformulated your program as follows to make it a bit easier to trace what is happening:

program main
    implicit none
    integer, pointer :: s(:,:,:),
    integer :: d(2,3,4),e(2,4,3),f(3,4,2),g(4,2,3),h(4,3,2), i

    allocate(s(3,2,4))
    s = reshape([(i,i=1,24)],shape(s))
    write(*,*) "s: ", s(3,:,1)
    d = reshape(s,shape(d),order=(/2,1,3/))
    write(*,*) "d: ", d(:,3,1)
    f = reshape(s,shape(f),order=(/1,3,2/))
    write(*,*) "f: ", f(3,1,:)
    g = reshape(s,shape(g),order=(/3,2,1/))
    write(*,*) "g: ", g(1,:,3)
    h = reshape(s,shape(h),order=(/3,1,2/))
    write(*,*) "h: ", h(1,3,:)
    e = reshape(s,shape(e),order=(/2,3,1/))
    write(*,*) "e: ", e(:,1,3)
end 

 Both ifort and NAG Fortran give the same result:

 s:  3 6
 d:  3 6
 f:  3 6
 g:  3 6
 h:  17 18
 e:  9 21

I haven't traced through it to see why this is, but the evidence suggests that both compilers are correct.

[Ron_Green]

gfortran gives the same results also

gfortran -o repro repro.f90

./repro

 s:            3           6

 d:            3           6

 f:            3           6

 g:            3           6

 h:           17          18

 e:            9          21

gfortran --version

GNU Fortran (GCC) 12.0.1 20220413 (Red Hat 12.0.1-0)

[Ron_Green]

So 

    write(*,*) "s: ", s

gives

s:            1           2           3           4           5           6           7           8           9          10          11          12          13          14          15          16          17          18          19          20          21          22          23          24

Now take this flat layout and store into H in Fortran order, Z dim first

Then you will find elements 3 and 6 in

 write(*,*) "h: ", h(2,1,1), h(3,1,2)

gives

 h:            3           6

exactly where you expect them in storage order.   Simple way to to this:  draw a 3D cube or grab a rubix cube.  Storage order is 2 elements in Z, then go down column on cube

(1,1,1), (1,1,2),  (2,1,1), (2,1,2),  (3,1,1),(3,1,2) etc.

    1.         2.            3.          4.          5.          6

[Ron_Green]

I leave it as an exercise to the student to derive the storage order for E