help me,save my memory

[Altera_Forum]

hi! 

my application use more memory in the nios than arm platform I use the objdump print as follow: [root@localhost pppd]# nios2-elf-objdump --header pppd_dump.elf  pppd_dump.elf: file format elf32-littlenios2  Sections: Idx Name Size VMA LMA File off Algn  0 .text 00023bf0 00000000 00000000 00000034 2**2  CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, RELOC, READONLY, CODE  1 .data 000071c8 00023bf0 00023bf0 00023c24 2**2  CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, RELOC, DATA, SMALL_DATA  2 .bss 0001bf54 0002adb8 0002adb8 0002adec 2**2  ALLOC  3 .comment 00000630 00000000 00000000 0002adec 2**0  CONTENTS, READONLY  4 .debug_aranges 00000460 00000000 00000000 0002b41c 2**0  CONTENTS, RELOC, READONLY, DEBUGGING  5 .debug_pubnames 000014bb 00000000 00000000 0002b87c 2**0  CONTENTS, RELOC, READONLY, DEBUGGING  6 .debug_info 00012a78 00000000 00000000 0002cd37 2**0  CONTENTS, RELOC, READONLY, DEBUGGING  7 .debug_abbrev 00003af3 00000000 00000000 0003f7af 2**0  CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING  8 .debug_line 00013bc5 00000000 00000000 000432a2 2**0  CONTENTS, RELOC, READONLY, DEBUGGING  9 .debug_frame 00002150 00000000 00000000 00056e68 2**2  CONTENTS, RELOC, READONLY, DEBUGGING  10 .debug_str 00009385 00000000 00000000 00058fb8 2**0  CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING  11 .debug_ranges 00000998 00009385 00009385 0006233d 2**0  CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING  [root@localhost pppd]# arm-elf-objdump --header pppd.gdb  pppd.gdb: file format elf32-littlearm  Sections: Idx Name Size VMA LMA File off Algn  0 .text 00024c20 00000000 00000000 00008000 2**4  CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE  1 .data 00006bc0 00024c20 00024c20 0002cc20 2**4  CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA  2 .bss 0000a1c0 0002b7e0 0002b7e0 000337e0 2**4  ALLOC  3 .debug_abbrev 00014bc3 00000000 00000000 000337e0 2**0  CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING  4 .debug_info 002985c5 00000000 00000000 000483a3 2**0  CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING  5 .debug_line 0005f85c 00000000 00000000 002e0968 2**0  CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING  6 .debug_pubnames 0000373a 00000000 00000000 003401c4 2**0  CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING  7 .debug_aranges 00001c80 00000000 00000000 003438fe 2**0  CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING  Thank you for all response!

[Altera_Forum]

Is it possible that applications in Linux 2.6 need more memory than those did in Linux 2.4? Could someone figue out in detail?

[Altera_Forum]

Please try the build tools as in the thread and compare the result, 

http://forum.niosforum.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=3174 (http://forum.niosforum.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=3174)  Sorry, I didn't have better idea.

[Altera_Forum]

Hi Hippo, 

 We do use the nios2 cross compiler tools according to your buildroot POST. But the size of the applications(pppd) code and its size in SDRAM all more bigger than arm+ linux2.4.x.  Could your give your applications(pppd) parameters? Such as using cat pid/status and objdump .

[Altera_Forum]

Hi smalllight, 

 > 2 .bss 0001bf54 0002adb8 0002adb8 0002adec 2**2 > 2 .bss 0000a1c0 0002b7e0 0002b7e0 000337e0 2**4  Your uninitialized data for Nios-II is more than twice the size for ARM. Everything else is reasonable. You need to compare your linker maps to isolate the culprit -- otherwise, it's just speculation.  Regards, --Scott

[Altera_Forum]

--- Quote Start ---  originally posted by mountain8848@Mar 29 2006, 05:22 PM hi hippo,  we do use the nios2 cross compiler tools according to your buildroot post. but the size of the applications(pppd) code and its size in sdram all more bigger than arm+ linux2.4.x.  could your give your applications(pppd) parameters? such as using cat pid/status and objdump . <div align='right'><{post_snapback}> (index.php?act=findpost&pid=13893)  --- quote end ---    --- Quote End ---    The code size of nios2 may be a little bigger than arm. But smalllight&#39;s problem is that it take many times of that of arm when in sdram. He said all appliactions has this problem. Sound like memory leakage.  I didn&#39;t use arm linux, so I don&#39;t know the differences.  I didn&#39;t build pppd, but I checked boa, and it seem OK.  What is your memory profile before and after loading an apps? with "cat /proc/meminfo" or "free" . We also check with "cat /proc/<apps pid>/status" .

[Altera_Forum]

I didn&#39;t have better idea. 

would you try out boa? what is the free mem before and after "boa &" ?

[Altera_Forum]

Hi,hippo! 

I build the boa in the arm platform,the message boa process is as follow:# cat status Name: boa State: S (sleeping) Tgid: 60 Pid: 60 PPid: 56 TracerPid: 0 Uid: 0 0 0 0 Gid: 0 0 0 0 FDSize: 32 Groups: Mem: 157792 bytes Slack: 2876 bytes Shared: 0 bytes SigPnd: 0000000000000000 SigBlk: 0000000000000000 SigIgn: 0000000000001a00 SigCgt: 0000000000016443 CapInh: 0000000000000000 CapPrm: 00000000fffffeff CapEff: 00000000fffffeff  can you show the boa process status in your nios platform?

[Altera_Forum]

Who can tell me what the "slack" is? what does it mean? 

 Best Regards,  Fei Wu

[Altera_Forum]

--- Quote Start ---  originally posted by feiwu@Apr 10 2006, 07:16 PM who can  tell me what the "slack" is? what does it mean?  best regards,  fei wu <div align='right'><{post_snapback}> (index.php?act=findpost&pid=14190)  --- quote end ---    --- Quote End ---   slack is the wasted space in memory management. eg, if you want 6K, but kernel give you 8K, then 2K is wasted.

[Altera_Forum]

I think the same as what you said!  

Thank you very much! Best Regards, Fei Wu

[Altera_Forum]

And Can you tell me how to reuce the slack space? 

Thanks!

[Altera_Forum]

--- Quote Start ---  originally posted by smalllight@Apr 10 2006, 03:26 PM hi,hippo! i build the boa in the arm platform,the message boa process is as follow:# cat status name: boa state:  s (sleeping) tgid: 60 pid:    60 ppid: 56 tracerpid:      0 uid:    0    0    0    0 gid:    0    0    0    0 fdsize: 32 groups: mem:      157792 bytes slack:      2876 bytes shared:        0 bytes sigpnd: 0000000000000000 sigblk: 0000000000000000 sigign: 0000000000001a00 sigcgt: 0000000000016443 capinh: 0000000000000000 capprm: 00000000fffffeff capeff: 00000000fffffeff  can you show the boa process status in your nios platform? <div align='right'><{post_snapback}> (index.php?act=findpost&pid=14187)  --- quote end ---    --- Quote End ---   Sorry for the delay, I was busy on a kernel issue. Here is boa status on nios2 # cat status  Name: boa State: S (sleeping) SleepAVG: 87% Tgid: 28 Pid: 28 PPid: 26 TracerPid: 0 Uid: 0 0 0 0 Gid: 0 0 0 0 FDSize: 32 Groups: Mem: 286112 bytes Slack: 52682 bytes Shared: 0 bytes Threads: 1 SigPnd: 0000000000000000 ShdPnd: 0000000000000000 SigBlk: 0000000000000000 SigIgn: 0000000000001004 SigCgt: 0000000000014643 CapInh: 0000000000000000 CapPrm: 00000000fffffeff CapEff: 00000000fffffeff#

[Altera_Forum]

Dear Hippo, 

We build our boa application in our platform! we list the status.  and could you please send us you code of boa ,then we can compare them,     our boa version 0.94# cat /proc/108/status Name: boa State: S (sleeping) SleepAVG: 89% Tgid: 108 Pid: 108 PPid: 89 TracerPid: 0 Uid: 0 0 0 0 Gid: 0 0 0 0 FDSize: 32 Groups: Mem: 273568 bytes Slack: 71494 bytes Shared: 0 bytes Threads: 1 SigPnd: 0000000000000000 ShdPnd: 0000000000000000 SigBlk: 0000000000000000 SigIgn: 0000000000001004 SigCgt: 0000000000016643 CapInh: 0000000000000000 CapPrm: 00000000fffffeff CapEff: 00000000fffffeff  Best Regards, Fei WU  e-mail: wfeiwu@21cn.com

[Altera_Forum]

--- Quote Start ---  originally posted by feiwu@Apr 13 2006, 10:51 AM dear hippo,       we build our boa application in our platform! we list the status.       and  could you please send us you code of boa ,then we can compare them,         our boa version 0.94# cat /proc/108/status name: boa state:  s (sleeping) sleepavg:    89% tgid: 108 pid:    108 ppid: 89 tracerpid:      0 uid:    0    0    0    0 gid:    0    0    0    0 fdsize: 32 groups: mem:      273568 bytes slack:  71494 bytes shared:        0 bytes threads:        1 sigpnd: 0000000000000000 shdpnd: 0000000000000000 sigblk: 0000000000000000 sigign: 0000000000001004 sigcgt: 0000000000016643 capinh: 0000000000000000 capprm: 00000000fffffeff capeff: 00000000fffffeff  best regards, fei wu  e-mail: wfeiwu@21cn.com <div align='right'><{post_snapback}> (index.php?act=findpost&pid=14297)  --- quote end ---    --- Quote End ---   it was in ~/apps/boa, which was ported by Microtronix.

[Altera_Forum]

Dear hippo! 

I compare the status of boa process in your platform and my arm platform. the result as follow: my arm platform: compare Mem: 157792 bytes Slack: 2876 bytes Shared: 0 bytes  your nios platform: Mem: 286112 bytes Slack: 52682 bytes Shared: 0 bytes  you can see nios plat forum user more memory than arm. In my arm platform, the linux sourse verision is 2.4 if the application will consume more memory in the 2.6 kernel? can you help me?

[Altera_Forum]

--- Quote Start ---  originally posted by smalllight@Apr 17 2006, 11:05 AM dear hippo! i compare the  status of boa process in your platform and my arm platform. the result as follow: my arm platform: compare mem:      157792 bytes slack:      2876 bytes shared:        0 bytes  your nios platform: mem: 286112 bytes slack: 52682 bytes shared: 0 bytes  you can see nios plat forum user more memory than arm. in my arm platform, the linux sourse verision is 2.4 if the application will consume more memory in the 2.6 kernel? can you help me? <div align='right'><{post_snapback}> (index.php?act=findpost&pid=14414)  --- quote end ---    --- Quote End ---   I would expect Nios2&#39;s code efficency will not be as good as ARM&#39;s. Because Nios2 has fewer instruction set.  To reduce memory usage, there are some approaches. 1. rebuild the lib and code with "-Os" flag. 2. in Linux 2.6.12 or later, there is a CONFIG_BASE_SMALL, which will use smaller table size for kernel data. 3. hack the kernel or apps to reduce memory usage and slack.